Medical experts have said diet impacts fertility in both men and women by influencing overall reproductive health, hormonal balance and the quality of sperm and eggs.
Dr Tabasum, a gynaecologist at the Directorate of Health Services Kashmir (DHSK) said nutrition plays a crucial role in fertility. “Diet directly affects hormonal balance, sperm quality, egg health, and the overall reproductive system in both men and women,” she said.
She highlighted the importance of omega-3 fatty acids, found in foods like fish, nuts and seeds, which help regulate hormones. “However, excessive sugar and high-glycemic-index carbohydrates can lead to insulin resistance, disrupting ovulation and hormonal balance,” she added.
Dr Tabasum said there is a link between body weight and reproductive health. She explained that maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet is crucial, as both obesity and being underweight can interfere with ovulation and sperm production.
“Fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins C and E, zinc and selenium can reduce oxidative stress, which may harm sperm and egg cells,” she said, adding that iron is vital for ovulation and reducing the risk of ovulatory infertility, while vitamin D supports reproductive hormone production, with its deficiency potentially leading to infertility.
Dr Tajamul, another gynaecologist, said that lifestyle choices play a critical role in fertility. “Excessive alcohol and caffeine consumption can negatively impact fertility, while trans fats found in processed foods impair insulin sensitivity and ovulation,” he said.
For men, Dr Tajamul said a diet rich in antioxidants and zinc are rich in antioxidants and can improve sperm quality. He advised avoiding processed meats and excessive soy products, which can disrupt testosterone levels. “A low-glycemic-index diet can help manage insulin levels and improve ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS),” he added.
Both doctors stressed the importance of a diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and healthy fats. They recommended limiting processed foods, sugary drinks, and trans fats while incorporating fertility-boosting foods into daily meals.
“For better reproductive health and to avoid infertility, people must adopt a nutrient-rich diet and avoid unhealthy eating habits that disrupt the body’s natural balance,” the doctors said—(KNO)
